ASSAY Calculation on as such basis & anhydrous basis

ASSAY

Calculation on as such basis & anhydrous basis

EXAMPLE :

Assay of dexamethasone sodium phosphate on anhydrous basis is =99.96%

And LOD is =3.5 %

NOTE : these above values are given in COA of dexamethasone sodium phosphate.

Then

How to find F (factor)

EXAMPLE

Here we must know about molecular weight of dexamethasone sodium phosphate is = 516.41 g/mol

And molecular weight of dexamethasone phosphate is = 472.446 g/mol

1 gm of dexamethasone phosphate is equivalent to

So 1.1 gm of dexamethasone sodium phosphate is equivalent to 1 gm of dexamethasone phosphate.

CALCULATION OF ACTUAL QUANTITIY OF AN ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR A BATCH MANUFACTURING

Here actual quantity of an active material required to manufacture a batch is calculated using the following formula

Here F = factor = 1.036

Label claim of dexamethasone sodium phosphate is 4.4 mg/ml

Batch size is = 120 litre

So 0.547 gm of dexamethasone sodium phosphate is required to make a 120 litre of batch.

Note - Sometimes overages also taken to make the result upto 100% so the percent of overages is depend on the particular active material.

If we take 3% overages

Then

So a total sum of 547 + 16.41 = 563.41 gm of dexamethasone is taken for a batch size of 120 litre.

Benefits of Brinjal

Benefits of Brinjal

Brinjal is high in water content and potassium. It is supposed to possess many medicinal properties and is used as a remedy for cancer, hypertension and diabetes.

Benefits of Brinjal

1. Eating brinjals roasted on fire after putting some salt into it cures excessive phlegm and wind humor of the body. 2. Soup made up of brinjal and tomato increases the appetite and helps in digestion.

Beetroot (chukandar) values and health benefits: A View

Beetroot (chukandar) values and health benefits: A View

Also called beet, the beetroot is a firm, clean globe shaped vegetable with no soft wet areas. If still attached, it should have fresh, clean young leaves. The beetroot is characterized by dark purple skin and a distinctive purple flesh. There are multiple benefits of beetroot and some of them are: Beetroot is a natural detoxifier and blood purifier.

Nutritional Value & Calories In Spinach OR PALAK

Nutritional Value & Calories In Spinach OR PALAK

Amount: 1 cup

Total Weight: 30 g

Nutrients	Amount
Basic Components
Proteins	858 mg
Water	27.4 g
Ash	0.5 g
Phytosterols	2.7 mg
Calories
Total Calories	6.9
Calories From Carbohydrates	3.9
Calories From Fats	0.98
Calories From Proteins	2.1
Carbohydrates
Total Carbohydrates	1.1 g
Dietary Fiber	660 mg
Sugar	126 mg
Fats & Fatty Acids
Total Fat	117 mg
Saturated Fat	19 mg
Monounsaturated Fat	3 mg
Polyunsaturated Fat	50 mg
Omega-3 Fatty Acids	41 mg
Omega-6 Fatty Acids	7.8 mg
Vitamins
Vitamin A	2813 IU
Vitamin C	8.4 mg
Vitamin E	609 mcg
Vitamin K	145 mcg
Thiamin	23 mcg
Riboflavin	57 mcg
Niacin	217 mcg
Vitamin B6	59 mcg
Folate	58 mcg
Pantothenic Acid	20 mcg
Choline	5.4 mg
Betaine	165 mg
Minerals
Calcium	30 mg
Iron	813 mcg
Magnesium	24 mg
Phosphorus	15 mg
Potassium	167 mg
Sodium	24 mg
Zinc	159 mcg
Copper	39 mcg
Manganese	269 mcg
Selenium	0.3 mcg

How many calories in spinach (per 100 g)

Spinach has about 23 calories per 100 g of weight.

How to Buy Spinach

• When buying spinach, make sure that the leaves and stems are crispy and dark green in color.
• Avoid spinach whose leaves and stems appear yellowish or pale green and are wilted and bruised, as the spinach has started to turn or is already bad. Also, make sure that there is no slimy coating as this is an indication of decay.
• If you are purchasing prepackaged spinach, check if there is any water or condensation inside the package or whether the leaves appear wet or mushy. Buy the package that seems to be free from all this.

Spinach Storage Tips

• Fresh spinach can be stored in the refrigerator at 2-5 degrees C for 2-3 days and should be consumed within that period.
• Don’t wash the spinach before storing in the refrigerator as exposure to water encourages spoilage. Place it in a plastic bag before putting it in the refrigerator.
• Store spinach away from other fruits and vegetables as it is ethylene sensitive and may turn bitter in taste.
• Spinach can also be frozen and kept fresh for 8 months but make sure to blanch it for 2-3 minutes before putting it into the freezer.

· More About Spinach

Quantity:	100 grams
Calories:	23 Calories in 100 grams
Bio-Logical name:	Spinacia oleracea
Spinach in other languages:	Hindi Palak Tamil Pasalai Keerai Malayalam Vasala Cheera Telugu Pachchali Koora Bengali Palang Sag Oriya Palanga Saga Gujarati Palak Marathi Palak Urdu Palak Punjabi Palak

Health benefits of tomatoes

Health benefits of tomatoes

include treating urinary tract infections, skin ailments and diabetes, lowering hypertension, and they are also good for gut health and eyesight. Tomato is considered both a vegetable and fruit and forms an integral part of cuisine round the globe. It boosts the health of a person if consumed daily. It contains numerous antioxidants which combat various types of cancer. Also tomato is rich in minerals and vitamins and also protects the heart from cardiovascular diseases. Also, tomato prevents urinary tract infections and hypertension, and promotes eye health.

Health Benefits of Potato

Health Benefits of Potato

All those naughty children around the world, who dislike eating any vegetable and hate them like anything, share another common interest. All of them like potatoes. This is the magic of the potatoes. You will hardly find anyone who dislikes them.

Today one cannot even imagine vegetables without potatoes. This shapeless and ugly looking tuber, bearing the scientific name Solanum Tuberosum, has cast a spell on us. Potato lovers (including me), and those who do not like them, will be equally delighted to know that potatoes have more in store for them than just carbohydrates and calories. Let us uncover them.

HEALTH BENEFITS OF GARLIC

BENEFITS OF GARLIC:

• Garlic is just magnificent and phenomenal. I am providing few of the basics known and reliable home remedies for some specific ailments, which you could try at your home .
• If you have cold and flu, then take small amount of garlic every day until the infection disappears. Garlic tends to reduce the frequency of colds and flu without any side effects. A suggested dose would be two or three cloves of raw or cooked garlic a day.

Health Benefits of Phool Gobhi (Cauliflower) and Band Gobhi (Cabbage)

Health Benefits of Phool Gobhi (Cauliflower)

• Cauliflowers contain powerful antioxidants such as vitamin C and manganese and carotenoids such as beta-carotene and phytonutrients that include kaempferol, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid and caffeic acid. These compounds protect the body from free radical damage and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancerous formations caused by oxidative stress. Vitamin C also boosts the immune system.
• This vegetable is a reservoir of anti-inflammatory compounds such as vitamin K, omega-3 fatty acids, glucosinolates and isothiocyanates. Regular consumption of cauliflowers can help decrease the risk of inflammation mediated diseases like arthritis, obesity, diabetes, mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease and ulcerative colitis.
• Regular consumption of cauliflowers help in reducing the effects of atherosclerosis by maintaining the blood vessels and thereby ensuring proper circulation to all essential organs such as the heart, brain and kidney.
• Cauliflowers are a rich source of dietary fiber that cleanses the system and gets rid of any unnecessary substances. Moreover, these vegetables contain a compound called glucoraphin that is known to be resistant to the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. This reduces the risk of stomach ulcers and cancer.
• This vegetable also contains vitamins B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), B5 (Pantothenic acid), B6 (pyridoxine) and B9 (folic acid). Cauliflowers serves as a good source of proteins and minerals such as phosphorus and potassium.

Nutritional Value & Calories In Cauliflower

Amount: 1

Total Weight: 100 gm

Nutrients	Amount
Basic Components
Proteins	1.9 g
Water	91.9 g
Ash	0.7 g
Calories
Total Calories	25
Calories From Fats	2.3
Calories From Carbohydrates	18
Calories From Proteins	4.7
Carbohydrates
Total Carbohydrates	5 g
Dietary Fiber	2 g
Sugar	1.9 g
Fats & Fatty Acids
Total Fat	280 mg
Saturated Fat	64 mg
Monounsaturated Fat	17 mg
Polyunsaturated Fat	15 mg
Omega-3 Fatty Acids	7 mg
Omega-6 Fatty Acids	8 mg
Vitamins
Vitamin C	48 mg
Vitamin E	80 mcg
Vitamin K	16 mcg
Thiamin	50 mcg
Riboflavin	60 mcg
Niacin	507 mcg
Folate	57 mcg
Panto Acid	667 mcg
Vitamin B6	184 mcg
Minerals
Calcium	22 mg
Iron	420 mcg
Magnesium	15 mg
Sodium	30 mg
Potassium	299 mg
Phosphorus	44 mg
Zinc	270 mcg
Copper	39 mcg
Manganese	155 mcg
Selenium	0.6 mcg
Fluoride	1 mcg

How many calories in Cauliflower (per 100 gm)

Cauliflower has about 25 calories per 100 gm of weight

How to Buy Cauliflowers

• When buying cauliflowers, look for ones that are clean and compact with creamy white or mild yellow florets. Completely white ones are those which haven’t matured yet. Spotted and dull colouring on cauliflowers is a sign of spoilage.
• Make sure that the cauliflower is surrounded by fresh and thick green leaves. Yellow, dry and wilted leaved ones must be avoided.
• The florets on the cauliflower must be firm and tightly bundled together. Any loose ends would indicate that the cauliflower is rotting. The base of the cauliflower must be observed and any signs of a dry and discoloured stem must be rejected.
• A heavy cauliflower indicates more juice and flesh and this is preferred to the lighter ones.

Cauliflower Storage Tips

• Raw and uncut cauliflowers can be stored for a week by placing them inside a plastic or paper bag, in a refrigerator. Do not wash them prior to storage as moisture speeds up the rate of decay.
• Cauliflowers that have been washed and cut into florets must not be kept for longer than 3-4 days. Cooked cauliflower can be kept in an airtight container but must be consumed quickly.
• These vegetables can also be frozen and kept for a period of 10 months to a year. Blanch the cauliflowers for 2-3 minutes prior to storage.

More About Cauliflower
Quantity: 100 grams Calories: 25 Calories in 100 grams Bio-Logical name: Brassica Oleracea Cauliflower in other languages: Hindi Phool Gobhi Tamil Pookosu Telugu Gobi Puvvu Gujarati Phul Kobi Oriya Phul Kobi Bengali Phool Kopi Punjabi Phool Urdu Phool

Health Benefits of Band Gobhi (Cabbage)

• The phytonutrients present in cabbages help produce enzymes in the body that fight free radicals and reduce the risk of the different types of cancer, including lung and prostate.
• Vitamin C, found abundantly in cabbages, is an antioxidant that protects against any cell damaging effects of oxidation from free radicals. This is known to strengthen the immune system. Additionally, eating cabbages speeds up the wound healing process and ulcers and it also reduces chances of acquiring scurvy (a disease caused due to vitamin A deficiency).
• Polyphenols, which are special antioxidants found in red cabbage, help protecting brain cells from getting damaged and leading to Alzheimer’s disease.
• Indole-3-carbinol, a phytonutrient present in cabbage, helps in lowering cholesterol levels in the body by preventing the liver from secreting an enzyme that helps to carries cholesterol.
• Eating uncooked cabbage in salads or consuming cabbage juice (high in glutamine) on a regular basis is essential for maintaining good intestinal health and treating stomach ulcers. Furthermore, the rich fiber content in them and its distinctive ability to retain water causes cabbage to help in the relief of constipation.
• Cabbages are a good source of Vitamin K, which is essential in the production of blood clotting proteins. It is also high in potassium, which helps regulate blood pressure, promote a steady heartbeat and lower risks of a stroke. Moreover, cabbage contains quercetin, an antioxidant that is a natural antihistamine, which can benefit allergy sufferers.

Nutritional Value & Calories In Cabbage

Amount: 1 Cabbage

Total Weight: 100 g

Nutrients	Amount
Basic Components
Proteins	1.2 g
Water	95.32
Ash	0.8
Calories
Total Calories	24
Calories From Fats	1.3
Calories From Carbohydrates	20
Calories From Proteins	3
Carbohydrates
Total Carbohydrates	5.5 g
Dietary Fiber	2.4 g
Sugar	3.2 g
Sucrose	80 mg
Glucose	1.7 g
Fructose	1.5 g
Maltose	10 mg
Fats & Fatty Acids
Total Fat	153 mg
Saturated Fat	27 mg
Monounsaturated Fat	14 mg
Polyunsaturated Fat	64 mg
Omega-3 Fatty Acids	31 mg
Omega-6 Fatty Acids	29 mg
Vitamins
Vitamin A	117 IU
Vitamin C	43 mg
Vitamin E	150 mcg
Vitamin K	76 mcg
Thiamin	54 mcg
Riboflavin	33 mcg
Niacin	278 mcg
Folate	52 mcg
Panto Acid	164 mcg
Minerals
Calcium	45 mg
Iron	530 mcg
Magnesium	14 mg
Sodium	18 mg
Potassium	221 mg
Phosphorus	24 mg
Zinc	180 mcg
Copper	22 mcg
Manganese	159 mcg
Selenium	0.7 mcg
Fluoride	1 mcg

How many calories in Cabbage (per 100 gm)

Cabbage has about 24 calories per 100 gm of weight

How to Buy Cabbage

• Depending on the variety: green or red, select cabbages that are brightly coloured and discard the ones that show any signs of discolouration.
• Choose cabbages that are firm and dense with shiny and crispy leaves. Avoid leaves which appear cracked, bruised or blemished. Severe damage to the outer surface is a sign of worms.
• Usually, the surface of a cabbage has a few loose leaves on the outside and tightly packed leaves on the inside. If the outer surface appears to have more than a few loose leaves then this is a sign of an inconsistent tasting and textured vegetable.
• Avoid buying cabbage that has already been cut, halved or shredded, as it has probably lost its vitamin C content.

Cabbage Storage Tips

• If the cabbage has been cut and you intend to consume it quickly then it is recommended that you wrap it tightly with plastic to prevent loss of moisture and nutrients. Refrigerate the same but consume within 2-3 days.
• Raw and uncut cabbage can be stored in the same way and stays fresh for up to a week or 10 days. It can also be stored for a year when frozen. For this, blanch the shredded cabbage for 2 minutes before putting it into the freezer.
• In case you are planning on storing cooked cabbage, note that it can be placed in an air-tight container and refrigerated for 3-4 days.

More About Cabbage
Quantity: 100 grams Calories: 24 Calories in 100 grams Bio-Logical name: Brassica Oleracea Cabbage in other languages: Hindi Band Gobhi Bengali Bandha Kopi Gujarati Kobi Kannada Kosu Kashmiri Band Gobhi Malayalam Muttagove Marathi Kobi Oriya Bhadaa Kopi Tamil Muttaikose Telugu Gos Koora

GMP

GMP

What is GMP?

Good manufacturing practice (GMP) comprises that part of quality assurance aimed at ensuring that a product is consistently manufactured to a quality appropriated to its intended use.

GMP requires that the manufacturing process is fully defined before it is initiated and that all necessary facilities are provided. In practice, this means that personnel must be adequately trained, suitable premises and equipment used, correct materials used, approved procedures adopted, suitable and transport facilities available and appropriate records made.

Why it is required?